Past Simple & Present Perfect

PAST SIMPLE

FORMS

Affirmative

I worked

you worked

he/she/it worked

we worked

you worked

they worked

Negative

I did not work

you did not work

he/she/it did not work

we did not work

you did not work

they did not work

Question

did I work?

did you work?

did he/she/it work?

did we work?

did you work?

did they work?

USE

The past simple is used to talk about past events. It is often used with references to finished periods and moments of time.

I ate an apple in the morning.

I broke my leg.

HOW TO PRONOUNCE "-ed" VERB ENDINGS

Verb ending in a voiceless consonant + -ed:

talk-ed /t/

Verb ending in a voiced sound (consonant) + -ed: 

call-ed /d/

Verb ending in a voiced sound (vowel) + -ed:

play-ed /d/

Exceptions:

want-ed /id/

need-ed /id/

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

FORMS

Affirmative

I have worked

you have worked

he/she/it has worked

we have worked

you have worked

they have worked

Negative

I have not worked

you have not worked

he/she/it has not worked

we have not worked

you have not worked

they have not worked

Question

have I worked?

have you worked?

has he/she/it worked?

have we worked?

have you worked?

have they worked?

USE

The present perfect simple is used to say that a finished action or event is connected with the present in some way.

I have eaten an apple today.

I have broken my leg.

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

FORM

have / has + been + verb-ing

Your teacher has been swimming for 2 hours.

USE

It can be used

1. to emphasize the duration of a situation or activity:

She's been sleeping for three hours.

2. to suggest that a situation or activity is temporary:

He's been rehearsing all day.

3. to suggest that a situation or activity is incomplete:

It's been raining since 9 o'clock this morning.

4. to focus on the repetition of a situation or activity:

I've been going to the gym after work.